Advice from my Senior :

"Don't use linux, its crap!"

And here I am using Linux like a boss!

Mutual on Tumblr: So what distro do you use?

Me: Zorin OS. I really like it. I'm even considering deleting my windows partition.

Mutual: Really? That doesn't count as a proper distro. Real Linux users only use Zorin on a virtual machine. Use Mint or Kali or something.

Me: It counts. It's not different from any other distro.

Mutual: It's okay to be noob. You can always ask me for advice.

Me: But I've been using Linux for about two years. I don't consider myself a noob.

Mutual: If you're using a shitty distro, then you're a noob.

Me: Okay. Thanks for the advice. (In my mind: fuck off already.)

I don't understand the issue with Zorin OS. Is it because it looks like windows or something? :/

I'm drunk and I'll probably regret this, but here's a drunken rank of things I've learned as an engineer for the past 10 years.

The best way I've advanced my career is by changing companies.

Technology stacks don't really matter because there are like 15 basic patterns of software engineering in my field that apply. I work in data so it's not going to be the same as webdev or embedded. But all fields have about 10-20 core principles and the tech stack is just trying to make those things easier, so don't fret overit.

There's a reason why people recommend job hunting. If I'm unsatisfied at a job, it's probably time to move on.

I've made some good, lifelong friends at companies I've worked with. I don't need to make that a requirement of every place I work. I've been perfectly happy working at places where I didn't form friendships with my coworkers and I've been unhappy at places where I made some great friends.

I've learned to be honest with my manager. Not too honest, but honest enough where I can be authentic at work. What's the worse that can happen? He fire me? I'll just pick up a new job in 2 weeks.

If I'm awaken at 2am from being on-call for more than once per quarter, then something is seriously wrong and I will either fix it or quit.

pour another glass

Qualities of a good manager share a lot of qualities of a good engineer.

When I first started, I was enamored with technology and programming and computer science. I'm over it.

Good code is code that can be understood by a junior engineer. Great code can be understood by a first year CS freshman. The best code is no code at all.

The most underrated skill to learn as an engineer is how to document. Fuck, someone please teach me how to write good documentation. Seriously, if there's any recommendations, I'd seriously pay for a course (like probably a lot of money, maybe 1k for a course if it guaranteed that I could write good docs.)

Related to above, writing good proposals for changes is a great skill.

Almost every holy war out there (vim vs emacs, mac vs linux, whatever) doesn't matter... except one. See below.

The older I get, the more I appreciate dynamic languages. Fuck, I said it. Fight me.

If I ever find myself thinking I'm the smartest person in the room, it's time to leave.

I don't know why full stack webdevs are paid so poorly. No really, they should be paid like half a mil a year just base salary. Fuck they have to understand both front end AND back end AND how different browsers work AND networking AND databases AND caching AND differences between web and mobile AND omg what the fuck there's another framework out there that companies want to use? Seriously, why are webdevs paid so little.

We should hire more interns, they're awesome. Those energetic little fucks with their ideas. Even better when they can question or criticize something. I love interns.

sip

Don't meet your heroes. I paid 5k to take a course by one of my heroes. He's a brilliant man, but at the end of it I realized that he's making it up as he goes along like the rest of us.

Tech stack matters. OK I just said tech stack doesn't matter, but hear me out. If you hear Python dev vs C++ dev, you think very different things, right? That's because certain tools are really good at certain jobs. If you're not sure what you want to do, just do Java. It's a shitty programming language that's good at almost everything.

The greatest programming language ever is lisp. I should learn lisp.

For beginners, the most lucrative programming language to learn is SQL. Fuck all other languages. If you know SQL and nothing else, you can make bank. Payroll specialtist? Maybe 50k. Payroll specialist who knows SQL? 90k. Average joe with organizational skills at big corp? $40k. Average joe with organization skills AND sql? Call yourself a PM and earn $150k.

Tests are important but TDD is a damn cult.

Cushy government jobs are not what they are cracked up to be, at least for early to mid-career engineers. Sure, $120k + bennies + pension sound great, but you'll be selling your soul to work on esoteric proprietary technology. Much respect to government workers but seriously there's a reason why the median age for engineers at those places is 50+. Advice does not apply to government contractors.

Third party recruiters are leeches. However, if you find a good one, seriously develop a good relationship with them. They can help bootstrap your career. How do you know if you have a good one? If they've been a third party recruiter for more than 3 years, they're probably bad. The good ones typically become recruiters are large companies.

Options are worthless or can make you a millionaire. They're probably worthless unless the headcount of engineering is more than 100. Then maybe they are worth something within this decade.

Work from home is the tits. But lack of whiteboarding sucks.

No work is going to be tolerable if you don't enjoy it. If you got into programming or IT or any industry simply for the money you can earn doing it, you're in for a BAD TIME.

I love computers, linux, programming, configuration, automation, and problem solving. So I love what I do. I am currently three weeks into 13 weeks of parental leave, and I have been having dreams about work at night.

The best piece of advice I can offer to someone who has trouble getting motivated is: make sure to like it first.

My friend and boss，told me he would teach me code 2 years in a half ago.

I didnt know what css or html was and i used to call java javascript.

I can know create my own module with webpack， have my automated doc， use react， redux， he taught me linux， git，unit testing， databases，docker， and so on...

Im not an expert in any of it butbi know what they are for and can play with them more or less comfortably.

The best advice he ever gave me was:

“coding is not about coding. We are like the greath painters of history. They were great at painting but even more at creating. If you have no creativity， you can paint as well as you want， its worthless.”

Ok. Yesterday I finished building my compiler I have to say: it was a pretty darn big thing with 7000 Lines of code.

I did it alone and with almost no help.

I wanted to give some advice in case someone wants to program a compiler. I knaw its useless in times of lex and yacc, but anyway.

-have a good idea for the language
-learn about parser/lexer
-learn assembler
-do it like me: output the assembler to a file and let it assemble/link by the linux standart-tools (call the commands)
-Have fun. Fun is essential in coding

I hope I was able to help people who want to build a compiler alone... Yau can always ask questions ;~)
-

Thank you guys. Especially thank you @linuxxx. Because of your help, patience and advice I accomplished to setup and manage my new VPS on my own. I even moved to linux on my local machine.

It has been a long path. But I feel confident now. Thank you for growing that feeling in me.

Anyone advice on how one could achieve a high upload 'rate' with a seedbox seeding Linux iso's?

It seeding more than 10 iso's but the overall up speed is 10kbs .____.

My raspberry Pi finally arrived ☺️! Now i just have to set it up... Any advice on what linux distro i should put on it? (i will use it as a NAS, torrent server and pi hole)

I have worked with a handful of very green devs in the last 10 years. A common theme has emerged.

They don't heed any of my advice.

An exercise to the reader:

If you have a Windows machine, but need to work in a Linux environment, what would be your first instinct how to proceed?

In this exercise, you are as green as it gets. You have very little professional development experience, let alone server admin experience. And your lead dev has suggested setting up a VM.

1. Set up a Linux VM
2. Use a live CD or set up a dual boot system
3. Pay for a cloud server and set it up from scratch

I have no idea how this person intends to get any work done on a remote, terminal only, Linux server. That is if I can even get their environment into a sane configuration.

Since apparently lots of you are into Linux, I would like some advice.

I'm wanting to install a distro to use as my main OS, but there is just too much choice.

I'm coming from Windows 10 so I read that KDE is a good choice for a desktop environment and the Plasma version looks pretty good.

Yesterday I've tried Deepin OS but I'm not a huge fan, looks good but not enough content / customization.

So right now I'm hesitating between Manjaro (with KDE) and Elementary OS.

Would you recommend any of these, and why ?

Btw, this is my first rant 😎

I DID IT!!! just fucking installed lineage os <3 never imagined that it could be so complicated... they really don't want you to flash your phone man. I guess the main problem was that my phone is old x)

So I'm trying to get a clean and free environment, any advice about applications? My biggest problem is with telegram, I'll try wire, bit there is anything else that can replace telegram and on android and Linux? I mean I need to keep conversations sync, and I won't use a Chrome application TT so no signal.

Dual Boot Linux & Windows.

I hardly ever see anyone do it right. And there is just two tricks that make a completely new experience out of it. I am not sharing it with you to be nice, I am sharing because I am curious if you're already doing it.

1. Install on a second hard drive, not a different partition. Learn which button to hold on the boot screen to select the boot drive. You can still chain-load via Grub, but the major advantage, updates of neither OS will fuck up your boot loader. You can update it abso-fucking-lutely risk free. Second advantage, advice 2. becomes trivially easy.

2. Set up a virtual machine. Select as its hard drive the raw disk volume where you have installed your Windows. You can do this with VirtualBox, but QEMU with virtual machine manager make is far easier to set this up in. You can now start Windows under Linux as a virtual machine. You can always start a small application, but the big deal is installing. Start a Steam download, have it installed and ready without switching over. Running windows updates. And when you then have time to play the game, just reboot and you have it already installed.

I feel like many are not aware that you can start a virtual machine of a real hard drive. It's one of those things that improve usability of it enormously. It's something where many will just not think about it because they keep dual booting and virtual machines in two different categories in their brains, but immediately will think it is obvious as soon as they hear about it.

So, who already did this? Raise your hands!

Look... Linux... I fucking love you and I especially love elementary OS but please... Why is it so fucking difficult to be able to play a youtube video in fullscreen or have a browser go fullscreen without the window locking up -.-

(Feel free to chip any advice, it's super annoying because it works perfectly on my primary monitor but not any other)

guess what i learned today?

i have no creativity whatsoever.
or at least in a design sense.

i bought a website my first website a few weeks ago and the main page looks, well, barfable.

orange on blue? i have no where near enough css experience to pull that off. i ended up trying to make it like a linux distro (zorin os), which is neon blue on black.

i asked for advice on the ux stackechange network, and of course, two people with a low reputation both answered, and of course of course, both their answers contradicted each other.

welp, fuck me.

I got interested in Linux through using custom Roms and kernels on my phone.
And now I want to learn more about it.
Any advice will be appreciated

[SERIOUS ADVICE NEEDED, PLZ HELP]

I am going to school again for like 4 days from tomorrow (don't ask me why, blame the government) and I feel a bit depressed. I just don't know what I have done in the last 2 years.

What I learned:
- Bunch of stupid facts from devRant
- C# stuffs
- Games are expensive
- Music production

And.... that's it, tbh

I don't really have "PERSONAL PROJECTS" that everyone is bragging about, I just have bunch of empty projects with a cool name but just Program.cs in it.....

I am worried of what to do now.

I just feel I made the wrong choice going with C#.

I just feel I should have went with JS.
With JS, you can do
- React Native + Cordova + Titanium + etc and make native android/ios/wp apps
- The WWW stuffs
- Electron --> Cross platform desktop apps (win/mac/linux)
- UnityScript (deprecated, but whatever) --> Games

So, what I am seeing now is a thick fog in the way to my future + career etc.....

I am stuck rn.

Please help.

Should I continue with my pace and learn more C# and the things I do rn, or change the language and start from scratch, or as a last resort, leave the "make stuff by coding" industry and go to music industry, or just go to the airport and do planespotting and upload in youtube to earn money?

Serious advice please, and no jokes about C# and JS. These languages may suck, but YOUR language may suck more.

@linuxxx’s recent post inspired me to try out linux again and see if I want to use it as my primary OS. My past experience with linux has always been endless fiddling with settings or drivers or whatnot, so I was wondering if you’ve got advice on what level of complexity is appropriate in solutions. E.g. if using the terminal and changing a bunch of config files is normal, or if that is generally unsustainable on the long term.

Thanks, I can’t wait to see how this experiment goes 😄

best advice i know

get both into programming and body building.

"you're such a nerd for using linux 🤡" well yeah but do you see this huge biceps?

"you're not even that strong 🤡" well yeah but look at my bank account

So I asked this question yesterday to linuxxx and he had some great tips. But I thought there might be some Linux fanatics here who also have some experience working with vps's that you might have somethings to add something 😁

Recently I got asked if I want to help maintain our webservers (they all run Ubuntu 18.04 with standard webserver stuff, nginx, MySQL, php, ssh)

Does anyone know of some tips or share some helpful knowledge regarding maintaining a VPS? / Keeping it healty?

Why is it that security (hacking) distros went so popular?

I see more and more posts pictures even on devrant featuring them. Even I see people at my uni that are on kali. I can't believe all of them are that into security. I even know two linux noob friends that wont listen to advice and went to kali as first distro.

I'd never use kali/parrot/whatever vs my current manjaro setup... I'd rather go back to arch.

Because I am very interested in cyber security and plan on doing my masters in it security I always try to stay up to date with the latest news and tools. However sometimes its a good idea to ask similar-minded people on how they approach these things, - and maybe I can learn a couple of things. So maybe people like @linuxxx have some advice :D Let's discuss :D

1) What's your goto OS? I currently use Antergos x64 and a Win10 Dualboot. Most likely you guys will recommend Linux, but if so what ditro, and why? I know that people like Snowden use QubesOS. What makes it much better then other distro? Would you use it for everyday tasks or is it overkill? What about Kali or Parrot-OS?

2) Your go-to privacy/security tools? Personally, I am always conencted to a VPN with openvpn (Killswitch on). In my browser (Firefox) I use UBlock and HttpsEverywhere. Used NoScript for a while but had more trouble then actual use with it (blocked too much). Search engine is DDG. All of my data is stored in VeraCrypt containers, so even if the system is compromised nobody is able to access any private data. Passwords are stored in KeePass. What other tools would you recommend?

3) What websites are you browsing for competent news reports in the it security scene? What websites can you recommend to find academic writeups/white papers about certain topics?

4) Google. Yeah a hate-love relationship, but its hard to completely avoid it. I do actually have a Google-Home device (dont kill me), which I use for calender entries, timers, alarms, reminders, and weather updates as well as IOT stuff such as turning my LED lights on and off. I wouldn"t mind switching to an open source solution which is equally good, however so far I couldnt find anything that would a good option. Suggestions?

5) What actions do you take to secure your phone and prevent things such as being tracked/spyed? Personally so far I havent really done much except for installing AdAway on my rooted device aswell as the same Firefox plugins I use on my desktop PC.

6) Are there ways to create mirror images of my entire linux system? Every now and then stuff breaks, that is tedious to fix and reinstalling the system takes a couple of hours. I remember from Windows that software such as Acronis or Paragon can create a full image of your system that you can backup and restore at any point to get a stable, healthy system back (without the need to install everything by hand).

7) Would you encrypt the boot partition of your system, even tho all data is already stored in encrypted containers?

8) Any other advice you can give :P ?

A loooong time ago...

I've started my first serious job as a developer. I was young yet enthusiastic as well as a kind of a greenhorn. First time working in a business, working with a team full of experienced full-lowered ultra-seniors which were waiting to teach me the everything about software engineering.

Kind of.

Beside one senior which was the team lead as well there were two other devs. One of them was very experienced and a pretty nice guy, I could ask him anytime and he would sit down with me a give me advice. I've learned a lot of him.

Fast forward three months (yes, three months).

I was not that full kind of greenhorn anymore and people started to give me serious tasks. I had some experience in doing deployments and stuff from my other job as a sysadmin before so I was soon known as the "deployment guy", setting up deployments for our projects the right way and monitoring as well as executing them. But as it should be in every good team we had to share our knowledge so one can be on vacation or something and another colleague was able to do the task as well.

So now we come to the other teammate. The one I was not talking about till now. And that for a reason.

He was very nice too and had a couple of years as a dev on his CV, but...yeah...like...

When I switched some production systems to Linux he had to learn something about Linux. Everytime he encountered an error message he turned around and asked me how to fix it. Even. For. The. Simplest. Error. He. Could. Google. Up.

I mean okay, when one's new to a system it's not that easy, but when you have an error message which prints out THE SOLUTION FOR THE ERROR and he asks me how to fix it...excuse me?

This happened over 30 times.
A. Week.

Later on I had to introduce him to the deployment workflow for a project, so he could eventually deploy the staging environment and the production environment by hisself.

I introduced him. Not for 10 minutes. I explained him the whole workflow and the very main techniques and tools used for like two hours. Every then and when I stopped and asked him if he had any questions. He had'nt! Wonderful!

Haha. Oh no.

So he had to do his first production deployment. I sat by his side to monitor everything. He did well. One or two questions but he did well.

The same when he did his second prod deploy. Everythings fine.

And then. It. Frikkin. Begins.

I was working on the project, did some changes to the code. Okay, deploy it to dev, time for testing.

Hm.

Error checking out git. Okay, awkward. Got to investigate...

On the dev server were some files changed. Strange. The repo was all up to date. But these changes seemed newer because they were fixing at least one bug I was working on.

This doubles the strangeness.

I want over to my colleague's desk.

I asked him about any recent changes to the codebase.

"Yeah, there was a bug you were working on right? But the ticket was open like two days so I thought I'll fix it"

What the Heck dude, this bug was not critical at all and I had other tasks which were more important. Okay, but what about the changed files?

"Oh yeah, I could not remember the exact deployment steps (hint from the author: I wrote them down into our internal Wiki, he wrote them done by hisself when introducing him and after all it's two frikkin commands), so I uploaded them via FTP"

"Uhm... that's not how we do it buddy. We have to follow the procedure to avoid..."

"The boss said it was fine so I uploaded the changes directly to the production servers. It's so much easier via FTP and not this deployment crap, sorry to say that"

You. Did. What?

I could not resist and asked the boss about this. But this had not Effect at all, was the long-time best-buddy-schmuddy-friend of the boss colleague's father.

So in the end I sat there reverting, committing and deploying.

Yep

It's soooo much harder this deployment crap.

Years later, a long time after I quit the job and moved to another company, I get to know that the colleague now is responsible for technical project management.

Hm.

Project Management.

Karma's a bitch, right?

I really love my mother but.

A couple of weeks ago she asked me for advice regarding a laptop. She wanted something cheap for office and stuff.
Since I know her I exactly knows she needs extreme fast boot and responsiveness. She'll go all hulk rage if the laptop doesn't boot in less than 30 seconds.

Told her to get something with ssd since storage is no issue and 4gb ram with an decent older I5. Took a whole day going through stores in my area and online to find good deals. Send her everything I found. Really good laptop for under 500€ I would've killed for.

Fast forward. She bought some 300€ shit laptop because it had 1tb memory. She didn't ask for advice just bought the cheapest that would read decently description wise.

Now she is raging all day and bitching about it being so slow and I should fix it for her since I'm an it guy etc.

Looking at the specs I nearly started to vomit. She seriously bought a laptop worse than she already had. Old i3 2gb ram 5200rpm HDD.

I told her she should return it because it is shit. But no. She insists that since it's newer it is better and I am only a lazy fuck who doesn't want to be bothered to do her a favor.

Offered the best thing I could think of. Told her I'd install Linux on it for her and teach her how to use it.
Explained it would run more smoothly since she refused to take that shit laptop back. But no. Of course she insists on using windows 10....

FUUUUUUUCK. I love my mother but seriously I'm about to explode.

Can a sysadmin start Node web design?

I'm a Linux automation admin, and I always look at my friends developing nodes websites with poor UI and UX. I'd love to fix that but have no idea where to start from.

Any idea or git project / advice on where to start from?

Cheers!
~ exit

Here comes lots of random pieces of advice...

Ain't no shortcuts.

Be prepared, becoming a good programmer (there are lots of shitty programmers, not so many good ones) takes lots of pain, frustration, and failure. It's going to suck for awhile. There will be false starts. At some point you will question whether you are cut out for it or not. Embrace the struggle -- if you aren't failing, you aren't learning.

Remember that in 2021 being a programmer is just as much (maybe even moreso) about picking up new things on the fly as it is about your crystalized knowledge. I don't want someone who has all the core features of some language memorized, I want someone who can learn new things quickly. Everything is open book all the time. I have to look up pretty basic stuff all the time, it's just that it takes me like twelve seconds to look it up and digest it.

Build, build, build, build, build. At least while you are learning, you should always be working on a project. Don't worry about how big the project is, small is fine.

Remember that programming is a tool, not the end goal in and of itself. Nobody gives a shit how good a carpenter is at using some specialized saw, they care about what the carpenter can build with that specialized saw.

Plan your build. This is a VERY important part of the process that newer devs/programmers like to skip. You are always free to change the plan, but you should have a plan going on. Don't store your plan in your head. If you plan exists only in your head you are doing it wrong. Write that shit down! If you create a solid development process, the cognitive overhead for any project goes way down.

Don't fall into the trap of comparing yourself to others, especially to the experts you are learning from. They are good because they have done the thing that you are struggling with at least a thousand times.

Don't fall into the trap of comparing yourself today to yourself yesterday. This will make it seem like you haven't learned anything and aren't on the move. Compare yourself to yourself last week, last month, last year.

Have experienced programmers review your code. Don't be afraid to ask, most of us really really enjoy this (if it makes you feel any better about the "inconvenience", it will take a mid-level waaaaay less time to review your code that it took for you to write it, and a senior dev even less time than that). You will hate it, it will suck having someone seem like they are just ripping your code apart, but it will make you so much better so much faster than just relying on your own internal knowledge.

When you start to be able to put the pieces together, stay humble. I've seen countless devs with a year of experience start to get a big head and talk like they know shit. Don't keep your mouth closed, but as a newer dev if you are talking noise instead of asking questions there is no way I will think you are ready to have the Jr./Associate/Whatever removed from your title.

Don't ever. Ever. Ever. Criticize someone else's preferred tools. Tooling is so far down the list of what makes a good programmer. This is another thing newer devs have a tendency to do, thinking that their tool chain is the only way to do it. Definitely recommend to people alternatives to check out. A senior dev using Notepad++, a terminal window, and a compiler from 1977 is probably better than you are with the newest shiniest IDE.

Don't be a dick about terminology/vocabulary. Different words mean different things to different people in different organizations. If what you call GNU/Linux somebody else just calls Linux, let it go man! You understand what they mean, and if you don't it's your job to figure out what they mean, not tell them the right way to say it.

One analogy I like to make is that becoming a programmer is a lot like becoming a chef. You don't become a chef by following recipes (i.e. just following tutorials and walk-throughs). You become a chef by learning about different ingredients, learning about different cooking techniques, learning about different styles of cuisine, and (this is the important part), learning how to put together ingredients, techniques, and cuisines in ways that no one has ever showed you about before.

Finally decided to give Arch Linux a go on hardware.
I've never had so much fun installing a distro before.
I chose Deepin as the desktop environment, it's fucking beautiful.
(I somehow didn't really take to i3, I prefer a full blown environment like Deepin).
Since it's my first time using Arch and Deepin, do you guys have any advice? How you like to use and maintain Arch? Any tips? Productivity hacks? (Besides a tiling WM)

God I'm changing to Linux , fuck windows ... It would be a perfectly fine os, but in true Microsoft fashion.... They fuck it up.

Been out of the Linux game (cept for Kali) for a while any advice? On a distro

I lost hours having to reinstall , thinking it's doing shit but in fact it's just sitting there cause there's no fucking loading bar or anything other then a spinning circle.

I can't afford to lose 10 hours of work. Which is what I've lost the past two weeks dealing with Microsoft's shit updates.

So I've recently become interim sys admin at my current job.
I'm not sure if I'm doing things right but...hey, I switched the entire office to Linux so that counts for something right?

So I just ditched Windows, but then realized that my music production stuff (mostly REAPER and a few free VSTs) are all Windows/Mac only.
Audio on Linux is fun (as in, pain). JACK seems to be really flexible but is a pain to set up correctly.

Any of you use Linux for music production? Any advice?

I'm using Elementary. Essentially, I need:
1. A good DAW for recording, minimal MIDI.
2. A good sampler.
3. Standard plugin suite - reverb, eq, filters, compressors, delays, etc. I'm not too choosy.
4. Basic synths (I'll be happy with a simple saw/square wave generator, but the more the merrier).

How's Ardour? Compiling it from source right now.

REAPER on Wine doesn't run well for me, so that's out. And they don't have a native Linux version yet.

(no Bitwig, please, I'm not ready to pay $300 or whatever right now)

Advice from Linuxers
what is the best linux distro from your experience ?

Call me an idiot... Yesterday I just installed Arch Linux. Guess what happened?
I formatted my fedora-drive and then noticed I destroyed my bootloader. Please just kill me😫 Anyone had such problems too and maybe could give me some advice how to fix?

When nothing works and you (think) tried everything, try to reinstall your Linux OS :D

!rant, just asking the wise devRant community for advice:
What is a good laptop that works well with linux? Thanks in advance :)

Okay before you read on this is a stupid question!

So the most common response I get when I ask for advice is contribute to open source projects but theres some problems.

> I dont know how to find projects on github or anywhere

> I dont know how or where to start when I actually find a project

> I'm way too intimidated by huge projects like linux, browsers, etc

> I don't know what to add

> I'm too afraid of messing up the project

> my understanding of github its self is very limited and I'm not good at using it. (Which isnt a problem for the open source development but since I'd be using github it is a problem)

Theres always smaller problems too but those should sum it up

Advice in building muy first custom PC/workstation.

So the main aim of this computer would be installing Linux, of course! And learning bash.

The second objective is learning Dask and doing some machine learning.

Budget, I dont want the must expensive stuff, because it usually costs double and doesnt perform double.. Second or third tier would be ok.

*this is not a gaming pc

Need a advice.
Have been a Windows user since many years. But at college I do use ubuntu and am familiar with it. So now I have developed interest in using Linux due to its simplicity and ease of use.
But for some tasks I still need Windows. So thinking to Dual boot my laptop. Have heard dual boot harms the laptop, makes it slow, blah blah.

So Is it advisable to Dualboot on a same machine?

My config:-
intel core i5 7th gen; 8 gb ram, 1 tb HDD,. 2gb AMD R5.

<sanityCheck> //asking for a friend

Some clever b*****ds wrecked a section of our production mysql db. To fix it I need to rollback the affected records 2 weeks - around 50/300 tables are affected, the other data must remain intact.

Currently my plan is to take a 2 week old dump and cherry pick the data I need from it, then combine it with a dump of the db in it's current state, drop the db and recreate it.

I know this approach will work - but it's risky, a pain in the ass and dealing with 300mb text files is tedious so since I only need to start in around 8 hours I figured It wouldn't hurt to post my approach and see if anyone thinks my plan is borderline retarded.

If you have any advice .etc that will make my life easier I would greatly appreciate it.

So in your opinion...

- is there a better/safer way?
- do you know of any db dump merge tools?
- have a recommended (linux) text editor for large text files?
- have you made any personal mistakes/fuck ups in the past you think I should avoid?
- am I just being a moron and overthinking this?
- if I am being a moron - In your humble opinion has the time come for me to give up all hope and pursue my dream of becoming a professional couch surfer?

</sanityCheck>

Note: Alternatively, if your just pissed that my rant is asking for a solution instead of simply trashing the people that created my situation and your secretly wishing it was on SO where it belongs so you can moderate/edit/downvote/mark the shit out it, feel welcome to troll me in the comments (getting dev advice just doesn't feel reliable without a troll - you matter to me). Afterwards If your panties are still in a bunch I'll post it on SO and dm a link to you to personally moderate - my days already fucked and I wouldn't want to ruin yours too.

Any tip or advice about linux? I'm new to that, i always used Windows

TL:DR linux newbie, looking for advice/links (skip to bottom for questions)

!rant
After i had been looking for a job for quite some time, a couple of months ago i got hired by "smaller" company doing web stuff. So far it have been a great place, good colleagues, and overall just having a great time!.
They seem to value me alot, so that's great!.

Anyway, yesterday i got called into a meeting - and got told they wanted me to start learning "Server stuff (linux)". That got me quite excited, because it always was something i wanted to learn - but never really got around to doing.

But i never touched a linux installation before, so i'm really on ground zero - but im not afraid, i'm a quick learner and quite efficient at googling :)

I figured i would ask here, since other people here always seems to be happy to help other people out.

So far i have manage to setup a server, install various stuff (php, mysql and so on) and done setup a couple of domains/subdomains on my server. Also got a vestacpinstallation working - so overall im quite happy so far.

I figured maybe somebody had some good links/advice for a linux newbie :).

* Performance/Security, will obviously be a big focus - anything i should look at? - any must look at?
* Monitoring tools, how do i monitor various websites running on my server? Here i'm thinking bandwitch, cpu/ram usage and so on pr site basis.
* Any other stuff i should be looking at?

Little about what the server will/should be running :)

* Centos
* vestacp
* WordPress installations only (e-commerce mainly)
* PHP 7 / MySQL / phpmyadmin

!rant
TL;DR: New(-ish) dev looking for advice to improve workflow and new languages. Hopefully worth a read though :)

Newbie developer here, I took a web applications development class this year since I could take that at another campus rather than do general education courses at my home school, and I have learned and earned a CIW Certification for HTML5, CSS3, and JavaScript, though I know the certificates do squat if I can't apply myself to them, and I have learned PHP and MySQL.

I want to learn more, technically-applicable languages.

My setup is barebones (to a Linux diehard's eyes), with a gaming laptop that I do a lot of workstation stuff on, an RPi 3 B that I do some Linux-y stuff on, and a less-powerful Development Laptop (that I call a devtop) that I occasionally do work away from home on.

I'm sure most will cringe and weep at my workflow, as I use Windows 10 on both systems and the standard NOOBS software on the pi, and I use Brackets as my text editor, as well as the XAMPP AMP stack for testing.

My biggest questions are what could I do to improve my workflow, and what languages should I learn/apply myself to for real-world application (such as Node.js for live-updating server-side applications or C# for Windows applications)?

Thank you for taking the time to read this, any feedback is helpful! I'm just a high school student with a lot of enthusiasm for development!

Best shell (bash) utilities to install? Looking to pimp up my headless server. So far I have tree (path visualizer), tmux, and nnn (disk space tool)

Need advice
Cse Undergrad
Should I buy a mac or a Windows
Wish to run linux as well

So guys at the moment Im working at a medical company as a business temp but I really like it here. At the moment they know me as the tech guy. I want to be the official systems administrator here but don't know how to go about doing that.
I have a strong Linux background but everyone here uses windows.
I think that they need a server but I don't think I can just go up to my boss and say "hey, I know I'm not certified yet but hows about you give me money so I can set up a server for you?"
I need advice.

OK - so I have a new job which I am loving but I am needing to use a Mac book which is a little frustrating. Coming from Linux with I3wm I have stuff just so.

The biggest change I miss is that I can't hover the mouse over windows to give them focus. Also middle click pasting would be awesome. Does anyone have any advice / solutions to make me feel at home?

So, I took the plunge into a new dostro base, and now I have Manjaro installed on both of my daily drivers. One question I have... What are the advantages/disadvantages of different term shells? It offers bash, zsh, and fish. I'm used to bash, but I once chose zsh by accident and it looked interesting.

Also, general new Linux distro advice? No apt ; _ ; it's hard to install stuff now xD

Hi! I want to switch to linux but i never used it before and i want advice from you guys about the OS (what distro should i use and how to get started).

isARant()==idk;
I'm a linux fan (not fanboy) and I just discovered I can have a Microsoft Imagine account from my school and I don't fucking know if I want to use windows to learn Azure and .NET
I quite hate Microsoft for their privacy policies and their recent approach to windows
But it would be a shame not to learn that stuff
Any advice?
Fuck (to make it more ranty)

Hi,
I want to install linux besides windows on my new computer (i7-8700k, gtx 1080). I use debian with i3 on my laptop for work and want to have a similar development environment at home. Does anyone have an adive to choose between ElementaryOS and Arch, or just stick with Debian. i3-gaps will be the wm, I just can't use another one ;)
Does one distro has better support for Nvidia cards in fact I would like to try CUDA.
I do not have other requirements; mostly webdev with python in the backend, and a little c++ game with SDL. This should not be a problem in a new distro.

Thanks for some advices and pro/cons

I am trying to start my career in the world of web development currently I am 16 and in 2 years I have to move out (moms orders) what would be the first move into getting a job as a web developer is it best to freelance or work full time for a company and what certification's would you recommend getting I am already very good with computers both windows and Linux (windows can kiss my ass tho ) and I know html css as well as some php and jquery I even know a little MySQL (I am also very talented at cybersecurity mainly infosec and OSINT )

(I know this question probably sounds stupid but I would like some advice from people in the area recently I told my dad I want to be a web developer my dad then told me I should get a real job )

Any advice would be great

Next week I'm beginning a paid intership in an sysadmin/infrastructure manager/bit of devops position. My tutor already told me he would give me things to learn alone so we could work together on stuff, and I can't wait for it to begin.
However, in the meantime I don't have a lot of things to do, so I would like to put this downtime to use and start reading stuff.

I already know I'll be doing a lot of Linux (that, I already master pretty well), and also some Active Directory, Kubernetes, and a bit of DevOps. Those are the main keywords he throwed at me during the interview.

What subject would you advice me to start learning in advance ? Do you have nice resources/books/videos on those matters ?

I would have asked to my tutor but right now he's on holidays and I don't intend to piss him off with job related questions.

On a side note : do you have any good and complete documentation or learning resource about SELinux ? I've had issues with it on my main rig for some months and can't find any good answer so I decided to learn it as best as I can and come up with an answer on my own. Since I intend to work in the field, I should what there's to know about it anyway.

Okay so I have been thinking about transferring to linux. But I'm not too sure because of a few things I'm hoping yall can explain to me.

1st problem.) The operating system just feels so empty

2nd.) Theres a lot of customizing I would have to go through (which isnt really a problem it's just difficult getting it to look good)

3rd.) I'd have to learn to use the terminal more (which might be easier than I'm thinking)

4th and final.) I dont think I'd be able to use C# I know .NETCore is a thing but I dont think I'd be able to do as much with it.

I know these would probably go away after awhile but I've tried using it before but im afraid of making it my main OS I'm also putting aside games in my problems cause I know they recently made gaming better on linux I just dont know the extent to that.

Any help is appreciated and please go easy on me 😅

iPhone alarm clock suddenly stopped playing sounds this week (again), fortunately my wake up time is not critical.

After every major osx upgrade I feel that I need to restart macbook more and more often cause system suddenly hangs.

Yesterday I spotted that after each restart there is information that if system hangs on login screen for a while I should restart computer again ( well thanks for advice that I don’t have to wait till I die ).

Cursor randomly disappears after I connected microsoft usb mouse ( microsoft mouse eating cursor from apple windows ).

Why I use microsoft mouse you ask ? That’s the best thing microsoft made, it’s literally indestructible. I dropped and kicked that mouse hundred times, still works perfectly fine.

I think also somehow osx forced minor bug fix upgrade once without my permission so they’re slowly going the forgotten microsoft path that is always forcing updates you don’t want to install in this particular moment.
Because their engineers know better when and why I want to update.

Looks like Apple engineering is slowly degrading or QA care less about older hardware users.

I am not used to buy new shit when old works just fine, those shiny little things are my work tools not something I show around to impress people how cool I am.

That’s all disappointing but still better then windows experience cause didn’t reinstalled osx from scratch since almost 5 years and it’s working at the same speed like it was new ( not impressed linux users here but from my previous experience with windows “registry” that means something and this hardware already paid for itself).

I need advice!

I have a project idea that involves creating a cross platform gui but I cannot decide on a framework.
I have been toying with the idea of electron(ugh please no), c++ with either gtk+ or qt, Java with JavaFx.
I really want to be be able to create binaries for Mac windows and Linux while keeping bundlesize low and efficiency high. With this in mind I am leaning towards a c++ implementation but qt (which seems to be the best option for this route) has an insane learning curve. Is there something I am not thinking of that would satisfy these requirements?

fellow ranters, i need your advice!

i'm searching for an ultra portable laptop:
- 11" screen
- full HD resolution

it will run Linux (Kali or other debian based distro) and i need that just to do some work while i'm on the go. I don't need huge performance, so the budget is quite limited (~300 EUR / 350 USD).

is the Thinkpad x220/x230 still the best choice (even if the screen resolution is not full HD)? any other suggestion?

thanks!

Need some advice, would it be a good move to switch to Arch from Linux Mint 18 Mate??

Looking for advice.

A client has asked me to set up a PoE CCTV system capable of being monitored off-site. I've looked at various camera systems but all of the apps (I'm checking Play store) have bad reviews.

Rather than using an NVR I'm wondering if it's possible to use Linux or Windows on a PC connected to a PoE switch (and the internet.

Anyone done anything like this and can recommend software?

Advice on great hardware for Linux kernel? I'm going to get myself a new laptop, my current one gave me great headaches due to the Realtek network card (no jeffing driver). I'd like to avoid this sort of things this time around: what should I get/avoid?

I switched from a full stack dev to quality assurance job because they offered me 2.5x my pay but now no company wants to hire me....and I really want to get into cloud now and eventually become a cloud developer, I am learning linux and have taken the AWS cloud practitioner essentials course but still not getting anything yet, any advice?

QUICK!

I'm about to set up a new pc (not for me, in our bureau, it'll do nothing special at all) elementary os or Ubuntu 17.10?

I'd do an update to Ubuntu 18.04 when its published, but I don't wanna use the "old" version with unity as of now...
Or elementary is because it's easy to use?

I'm currently working in a theater, so it should be usable for "non-techies".

Sooooo, would need a little help here please.
Would like to switch from OpenSuse at home to some other Linux distro. (Side note: using OpenSuse at work and at home, would like to discover something new).
Already tried Ubuntu but really didn't like it. Arch Linux was okay though.

Saw some of your pictures of your nice customized desktops and would like to try something like this, but really don't know which distros can do this.

While searching a bit I found three which look/read quite interesting:
Devuan, Alpine Linux and Sabayon Linux.

What would be your thoughts on those, or which distros would you recommend?

Would be grateful for any advice. 😊

Advice wanted! !rant
Guys i started web dev about two years ago on windows but i want to switch to linux. I thought of using elementary os, ubuntu or arch. What would you recommend?
Also how do you do your setup then? Dualboot or in a vm? I want to use docker to set up my infrastructure if possible.
Also i mainly use InteliJ for dev.

Thanks in advance!
Also i love devRant!

Guys i installed Linux mint 22 with gnome on top of it in a Virtual Machine, I installed everything i use on a daily basis and configured all applications i use, then I did a TimeShift snapshot, then i got an idea which i want your advice about, I currently use Zorin 16 OS, if i did a TimeShift restore on my main machine based on the snapshot i took in the VM without doing a fresh install of Linux mint, would that work? Or it will simply keep Zorins files and adds up Linux mint files and make a conflict?

Soo, after reading a post about Fedora Workstation I figured, why not try it out. It has some awesome productivity tools!

I donwloaded the ISO, made a bootable USB stick and started my PC into Fedora live.

At first it looked awesome! I really looked forward to working with it. I installed it and restarted my PC. It booted up I choose Fedora and I saw a login prompt.

Everything's fine until now. I logged in, no problem. But after that the screen just turned black and only my mouse was visible. I thought, maybe it's because it's loading something.

I waited a couple of minutes but then i got really frustrated because nothing, literally nothing happened. So I forced a shutdown and restarted. I logged in again.. and... Well at least the screen wasn't black anymore. But it was not good either. Artifacts everywhere. I could not read what the screen said.

So I reinstalled it and couple of times, black screen after artifact screen.

I don't really know who's to blame here. Nvidia or Linux/Fedora or something else (I highly think it's Nvidia tho, fuck Nvidia and their anti Linux mood ).

I will try Fedora on a laptop somewhere in the Future again but for now I've had enough of that shit combined with the aftermath of resetting everything back to normal (removing grub etc).

If anyone has some advice concerning the Nvidia problem I'd highly appreciate that.
It's a GeForce 650ti

Hello folks, have a question, I can't decide if I should install windows 7 (super stable Windows btw) or a Linux distribution (debian or Ubuntu 14), I've always been a Windows guy and was thinking of switching to Linux on my new free dos laptop and wanted to have a hand on Linux, but please I don't want that Windows/Linux fight I just need real advice. Some friends told me to get Windows 7 and a VM Linux just for practice, I also thought about having a dual boot Windows Linux server , I think it would be the best config for me.. so..?

Need an advice..We have to select a department elective this sem..What would you guys recommend...I am inclined towards Python and Linux internals but we have to choose only one. From the Department Elective 1.
I could also opt for something else other than these two.

How can a novel emerging challenger software (written in Rust) take me 4 hours to install (still ongoing)?

Today I have decided to give Pijul a go. Pijul describes itself as a theory-sound alternative to Git, which I have wanted to get away from for a while now, due to various reasons -- many of which I saw Pijul advertise to have solved on design level.

So I set away a day to learn Pijul, today. Well, 4 hours after I sat down -- after a number of hilariously wonky failures of "Rust ecosystem" to do the right thing as I had to install Rust with some shell one-liners those insane wizards recommend for installation process (all in the name of "stability but not stagnation") -- Pijul has now been installing with the blasted `cargo` for an hour now (that's after 3 hours of getting to the point where `cargo install pijul` stopped exploding in my face) -- telling me I only have 40 crates more to install. Are they throttling me, perhaps? I don't care -- I should have been installing Pijul from a repository in accordance with my Linux distribution, or -- at worst -- download a BLOODY COMPILED PROGRAM IMAGE.

What is it with the hipster developers today? Everything they get of tools, they subsume and churn out intricate complexities the likes of which we hadn't seen yesterday. Tell me fellow developers who think installation of your software has to require three and a half novel "installation solutions" to which I can't be arsed to be made privy -- do you think your life today is easier than, I don't know -- wrangling with a Makefile and a C compiler (which today thankfully can do rather good job of standards compliance)?

I mean I wouldn't mind Pijul being written in Rust -- but it turns out Rust's advertised elegancy in practice is wrapped in so much "giftwrap" I feel like what desire I had to learn Rust myself, I'll stear well clear.

Here's an advice for developers in general -- an advice continiously ignored for decades -- stop blowing your original scope of delivery in auxilary packages you think you need to reinvent just because you can or because your mom is out of town! For programming languages like Rust this most certainly entails NOT writing your own package manager, with its own package delivery mechanism that has its own configuration file format and virtual machine to configure dependency resolution or what have you!

You wanted to write a programming language that has novel features you think we need? Fine -- write one and stop there. Watch it grow, and watch people who are busy working on other parts (scopes) of software to integrate your offer.

What a shitshow. Stop smuggling alternative package managers, installers, and discombulators with your actual product -- I only want the latter, I don't want the rest of your damn piping, walls, roof and a cathedral on top of it!

Don't be that guy starting with a pin, and ending up with a fucking diorama miniature of a pig farm in Netherlands. Jesus.

Greets. I need advice. And before reading just skip me with classic things you can't - you shouldn't. As i am Windows user last 20 years, I never actually used any other os (running ubuntu on vm occasionally doesnt count). So for some period of time I'm thinking about throwing myself fully into some Linux distro but I can't choose which one. I was thinking between Fedora, Arch and Debian (i dont want Ubuntu), but also what it should be a main key of my decision is good documentation backed up distro. Thanks in advice if you are willing to help my decision

Not a dev yet (pretty fucking far from it actually) but I really enjoy coding and learning but I feel like I chose the wrong motive
I started leaning Java because it was easy to find a job since it's very popular and I got the basics pretty well integrated but I feel like I can't really do anything I wanted to do with it, I wanted to build small pieces of software that would run on windows and Linux but the fact that Java needs the jvm to work on a system makes me feel uncomfortable, I don't know why, and that makes me wanna switch to c++ even tho i think it's harder to learn.
I know it's bad practice not sticking to what I learn and pursue it but I don't know what to do with Java...
Any advice?

Sry not really a rant but you guys are the best dev community out there so I figured...

Tldr: feel like I can't do what I want with Java, want to switch to learning c++ and drop Java for now whatcha think?

What do you think about Rocky Linux ? Is it really the "in-place replacement" to CentOS it intends to be? Would you rather advice another alternative?
I've used it for a while now, but not for anything critical, and I have to say I found nothing bad to say about it, but I wonder about your experiences.

-- Have you ever self hosted a Linux/Free Bsd server at home?
-- What was the maintenance like in terms of operation and cost compared to an online service?

I and my partner are planning to self host our Ubuntu server locally because currently though we spend less than $1100 a month on Azure with moderate CPU usage but we plan to scale out with believes that the server cost might sky-rocket.

We made a budget of $25k for the setup which includes cost of hardware, bandwidth and power.

We also made some research concerning most used hardwares for home servers because we really are newbees talk of hardware. What we found are options related to the Intel Xeon as CPU, some others say use NAS, while some are more of advertising.

$25k on the desk,
we care more about speed than of space. How can we make the setup totally worth it? You don't have to spare us a change, just some headlight and way to go.
Your advice are needed. Thank you.

OK Guys I need your advice. I got an (I think it's about 8 years old) Aspire from Acer. Windows 10 is installed after upgrading from Windows 7, which was the worst decision because now it runs at speeds below good. I want to clean install a new OS. But which route to take?

Windows or Linux?

What distribution? I have my knowledge in Debian. Or could I go with RemixOS because it's most user-friendly and best for work abroad? But is there an IDE for Android based distributions?

You see what my dilemma is don't you? ^^

May some of you could help me

Specs: 4GB of DDR3, 500GB HDD, a shitty battery and an AMD Dual core with something about 2.5GHz

Disclaimer: I'm surprisingly bad with hardware.

Bonus will come in soon and its time for a new laptop. Had my xps13 since ~2016 and I absolutely loved it - the keyboard is amaaazing.. But the display is broken and as its a touch, its ridiculously expensive to replace so that's not an option..

Want to keep it around 1k$ and mostly care about the keyboard being nice, robust case (not plastic), size (no bigger than 13") and storage (at least 1TB SSD).
Ideally it would have an integrated SD slot and at least 1 USB-A...

Any suggestions? I'm gonna put Linux on it anyway so performance just has to be medium.

Thinking about getting another xps but they got a good bit more expensive and I know there's other devices our there nowadays that check the boxes, like thinkpad for example.

Just looking for some opinions, advice and suggestions.

Thanks in advance

!rant

so, I somehow got an interview with NASDAQ for the summer internship this year. somehow it was the only company that had cleared my resume for the interview process, other companies didn't even scheduled one.

and I messed up the first technical interview.

the interviewer asked me to find the largest element in a nested list in python.

for ex [[3,4],[5,2,9],[1,7]] would return [4,9,7]

it was a verbal interview on call and he asked what would I use? Lambda function or list comprehension.

I said lambda function. (I knew it was list comprehension, if I had to code I wouldn't have got confused between the two)

later he asked a couple of questions about linux and boot processes, I could answer some of the basic ones but not after 3rd or 4th question.

now I don't think I have anything to do for summer, as it's a little too late for finding the internships.

any advice?

After almost 3 years of professional experience I’d like to specialize more in something but I struggle to because I enjoy almost every aspect of IT: I find front-end really fun, I find very rewarding to build good user experiences and I’m excited for what WASM may bring on the table but I even like to work on the back end on both: legacy monoliths and modern micro services, I love to refactor clunky programs full of “cargo cult” code and redundancies put by people who doesn’t understand the framework they’re using and to make them shine. I’m even good at UNIX/Linux scripting and with Docker (often colleagues asks me advice on these topics) so I’m really tempted to upgrade my knowledge by learning K9S and reading the 1000+ pages of Unix Power Tools to get into operations/DevOps especially considering which the field is the least likely to be overrun by cheap developers coming from a 3 months boot camp.
On top of that I’ve got even into more theoretical topics: I’m following a course on algorithms and data structures in C and in future I want to learn the basics of AI for a personal project but these things aren’t much about employment but personal culture.
Have you got any advice for this disoriented young man?

I've been wondering what laptop I would want to buy next year for uni, I was considering buying a regular windows laptop then downloading a Linux based OS, but I then discovered this laptop company called System76, which sells Linux based laptops out of the box. I'm trying the OS they've developed and I really liked it. Would anyone of you who have tried these laptops recommend it for me?

Any advice would be greatly appreciated.

I got a new babe today, Lenovo Yoga 550, i7, 256 SSD...hw do u advice I utilize.. should i partition and have windows OS and my sweet Ubuntu & Arch linux(s) on d base or just vm them on windows..cuz honestly if not for few wares, i hv no business with windows..pls advice.

Hey everyone,

Hope everyone is doing well & of course staying safe, Well today i'd love to get some opinions and some advice. I've been using Mac OS and Win10 for quite a while now and would love to move on and perhaps try something new :-) Linux Mint or Ubuntu, Would love to know Which one would you recommend? as far as i'm aware it's basically just look and feel that makes the difference? Also what possible skills can i learn from using them? :-)

Thank you for taking the time to read my question! i appreciate it heaps!

Cheers :-)

!rant
Anyone running Linux on a kabylake new razer blade stealth? I want a pretty ultrabook but I heard the stealth had some driver issues like for the mouse pad and cam.
I'm particularly interested in elementary OS but any info is appreciated. I heard fedora runs decently out of the box but that was on a skylake.

Need advice about protecting ddos via iptables and whitelisting. Currently I launched my gameserver and am fighting against a massive attack of botnets. Problem was solved by closing all ports on my gameserver linux machine and shipping game.exe with injected c++ socket client. So basically only gamers who launch my game exe are being added to firewall iptables via the socket client that is provided in the game exe. If some ddosers still manage to get inside and ddos then my protection is good enough to handle attacks from whitelisted ips from inside. Now I have another problem. Lots of players have problems and for some reason shipped c++ client fails to connect to my socketserver. Currently my solution was to provide support in all contact channels (facebook,skype,email) and add those peoples ips to whitelist manually. My best solution would be to make a button in website which you can click and your ip is whitelisted auromatically. However if it will be so easy then botnets can whitelist themselves as well. Can you advice me how I could handle whitelisting my players through web or some other exe in a way that it cant be replicated by botnets?